Guide To Asphalt Deterioration
Asphalt can last a long time, but it isn't immune to aging and damage. Deterioration of asphalt is a problem you must be aware of.
Causes of Deterioration
Asphalt breaks down naturally over time as the oil base that binds the aggregate together begins to dry out. The surface of the asphalt will lighten and aggregate will seem to rise, making the smooth surface become bumpy over time. Fortunately, natural deterioration is generally a slow process, so a properly maintained paved area should have decades of life in it before it deteriorates to a point where repair isn't possible.
Weathering and maintenance issues can speed deterioration. Frequent exposure to UV rays from the sun, moisture, and freeze-thaw cycles can cause the surface to degrade more quickly. Water penetration into the holes and cracks, as well as issues with a failing paving base, can cause deterioration from the inside out.
Problem Signs
Knowing the early signs of asphalt deterioration can help you reverse the problem before it becomes too severe. While gradual fading and rising of the aggregate is a sign of natural deterioration, other signs appear as the problem progresses. Ideally, deterioration will be addressed during the early fading stages so that worse signs and issues don't have a chance to develop.
Initially, there may be some loose aggregate on the surface, for example. As the problem worsens, small pits can form that will eventually develop into potholes. Cracks, both large and small, are also common on a paved area that is deteriorating. If deterioration is a result of base problems, the surface may also develop ruts or show signs of warping.
Prevention and Solutions
Often deterioration can be prevented with regular maintenance. Cleaning paved areas at least once a year, or more often for high-traffic areas, prevents chemical damage to the paving. Regular sealcoating, which is a process that seals the asphalt against weathering, can be done every one to three years or when the asphalt no longer repels water. Sealcoating alone prevents much deterioration by providing a fresh coating to renew a fading surface.
If deterioration damage has occurred, then prompt repair is the solution. Have potholes and cracks filled promptly. If the surface has worn away severely, then resurfacing is the answer. This is when a new layer of thick asphalt is applied on top of the old asphalt. Once deterioration reaches the base, though, only replacement of the asphalt can solve the problem.
Contact an asphalt contractor if your paved areas show signs of deterioration.